In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

PCI/DOE: Fix destroy_work_on_stack() race

The following debug object splat was observed in testing:

ODEBUG: free active (active state 0) object: 0000000097d23782 object type: work_struct hint: doe_statemachine_work+0x0/0x510
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 71 at lib/debugobjects.c:514 debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0
...
Workqueue: pci 0000:36:00.0 DOE [1 doe_statemachine_work
RIP: 0010:debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0
...
Call Trace:
? debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0
? __pfx_doe_statemachine_work+0x10/0x10
debug_object_free.part.0+0x11b/0x150
doe_statemachine_work+0x45e/0x510
process_one_work+0x1d4/0x3c0

This occurs because destroy_work_on_stack() was called after signaling
the completion in the calling thread. This creates a race between
destroy_work_on_stack() and the task->work struct going out of scope in
pci_doe().

Signal the work complete after destroying the work struct. This is safe
because signal_task_complete() is the final thing the work item does and
the workqueue code is careful not to access the work struct after.

No CVSS v4.0

Attack Vector Local

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required Low

Scope Unchanged

Confidentiality Impact None

Integrity Impact None

Availability Impact High

User Interaction None

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

The EPSS score is 0.00025.

Key SSVC decision points have not yet been added.

Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).

Vendor Product Default status Versions
Linux Linux unaffected
Version Status Constraints
2a0e0f4773fe8032fb17e56f897bee32ce3cdc2b affected < d96799ee3b78962c80e4b6653734f488f999ca09
abf04be0e7071f2bcd39bf97ba407e7d4439785e affected < c4f9c0a3a6df143f2e1092823b7fa9e07d6ab57f
abf04be0e7071f2bcd39bf97ba407e7d4439785e affected < 19cf3ba16dcc2ef059dcf010072d4f96d76486e0
abf04be0e7071f2bcd39bf97ba407e7d4439785e affected < e3a3a097eaebaf234a482b4d2f9f18fe989208c1
95628b830952943631d3d74f73f431f501c5d6f5 affected —
Linux Linux affected
Version Status Constraints
6.3 affected —
0 unaffected < 6.3
6.1.53 unaffected ≤ 6.1.*
6.4.16 unaffected ≤ 6.4.*
6.5.3 unaffected ≤ 6.5.*
6.6 unaffected ≤ *

No data.

No data.

No data.

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Fixes

Solution

No solution given by the vendor.

Workaround

No workaround given by the vendor.

References
Link Providers
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19cf3ba16dcc2ef059dcf010072d4f96d76486e0 cve-icon cve-icon
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4f9c0a3a6df143f2e1092823b7fa9e07d6ab57f cve-icon cve-icon
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d96799ee3b78962c80e4b6653734f488f999ca09 cve-icon cve-icon
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3a3a097eaebaf234a482b4d2f9f18fe989208c1 cve-icon cve-icon
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025123032-CVE-2023-54235-51bc@gregkh/T cve-icon
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-54235 cve-icon
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-54235 cve-icon
History

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 12:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
References
Metrics threat_severity

None

 cvssV3_1

{'score': 5.5, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H'}

threat_severity

Low

Tue, 30 Dec 2025 12:30:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI/DOE: Fix destroy_work_on_stack() race The following debug object splat was observed in testing: ODEBUG: free active (active state 0) object: 0000000097d23782 object type: work_struct hint: doe_statemachine_work+0x0/0x510 WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 71 at lib/debugobjects.c:514 debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ... Workqueue: pci 0000:36:00.0 DOE [1 doe_statemachine_work RIP: 0010:debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ... Call Trace: ? debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ? __pfx_doe_statemachine_work+0x10/0x10 debug_object_free.part.0+0x11b/0x150 doe_statemachine_work+0x45e/0x510 process_one_work+0x1d4/0x3c0 This occurs because destroy_work_on_stack() was called after signaling the completion in the calling thread. This creates a race between destroy_work_on_stack() and the task->work struct going out of scope in pci_doe(). Signal the work complete after destroying the work struct. This is safe because signal_task_complete() is the final thing the work item does and the workqueue code is careful not to access the work struct after.
Title PCI/DOE: Fix destroy_work_on_stack() race
First Time appeared Linux
Linux linux Kernel
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Linux
Linux linux Kernel
References

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cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: Linux

Published:

Updated: 2025-12-30T12:11:25.688Z

Reserved: 2025-12-30T12:06:44.508Z

Link: CVE-2023-54235

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

Status : Awaiting Analysis

Published: 2025-12-30T13:16:11.953

Modified: 2025-12-31T20:42:43.210

Link: CVE-2023-54235

cve-icon Redhat

Severity : Low

Publid Date: 2025-12-30T00:00:00Z

Links: CVE-2023-54235 - Bugzilla

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

No data.

Weaknesses

No weakness.